There are three alert levels. Each one means a different thing, and each one asks you to do something different.
Every fact and instruction on this page comes from the National Weather Service (NWS), at weather.gov.
Watch = get ready. Warning = go now. Emergency = the worst kind is already down — be in your safest place.
Level 1 of 3
“Be Prepared!”
Tornadoes are possible in and near the watch area. Review and discuss your emergency plans, take inventory of your supplies, and check your safe room. Be ready to act quickly if a warning is issued or you suspect a tornado is approaching.
Who issues it, and how big is it? Watches are issued by the Storm Prediction Center and typically cover a large area — numerous counties or even states.
Level 2 of 3
“Take Action!”
A tornado has been sighted or indicated by weather radar. There is imminent danger to life and property. Move to an interior room on the lowest floor of a sturdy building. Avoid windows. If you are in a mobile home, a vehicle, or outdoors, move to the closest substantial shelter and protect yourself from flying debris.
Who issues it, and how big is it? Warnings are issued by your local National Weather Service forecast office and typically cover a much smaller area — around the size of a city or small county.
Level 3 of 3 — the highest alert level
“Seek Shelter Immediately!”
This is the National Weather Service's highest alert level. It is issued when a violent tornado has touched down and catastrophic damage is confirmed. There is a severe threat to human life and property. Immediately seek refuge in the safest location possible. If you see a tornado approaching, do not attempt to outrun it in a vehicle; shelter in place. Call friends and family who are in the area to make sure they are aware.
National Weather Service (weather.gov) — “Understand Tornado Alerts”
Facts checked November 2026.